Aging bodies undergo many changes and require special attention when it comes to dietary needs. Inability to absorb nutrients, changing body composition, and underconsumption of meals are a few examples of issues that older people have with food. However, a menu suited for an elderly person can be planned based on essential nutrients and supplements necessary to sustain overall well-being.
Prevent Malnutrition
Malnutrition can be a serious issue with elderly people. However, family members and caregivers can work together to prevent an aging loved one from becoming malnourished. One of the best ways is to assist them with shopping and meal planning. Many do not have the capability of going to the store alone and purchasing all the foods needed to maintain health. When shopping for an older person, make sure nutritious foods and everything needed for certain recipes are bought. Encourage them to eat small meals frequently and to drink at least six glasses of water per day. If they have a small appetite or have problems chewing their food, it may be necessary to include nutritional supplements in their diet. Any vitamins and minerals that cannot be obtained from food sources should come from supplements.
Food Choices
Foods that are highly dense in nutrients are recommended for the elderly. Whole wheat breads and cereals such as oats are preferable to refined products like biscuits because they are rich in vitamin B. Foods high in fiber also prevent constipation and bloating. Green vegetables like broccoli, spinach and brussel sprouts provide a rich source of folate and iron. Foods high in vitamin D and calcium like cheese, milk and yogurt should be included for bone strength. Lastly, a lean source of protein is needed for older people to maintain muscle for everyday activities. This could include chicken, fish, eggs, tofu or nuts. Remember that all food choices should be made by the elderly individual based on ease of preparation, chewability, tastes, affordability and availability.
Supplement Dietary Deficiencies
Adding supplements to geriatric diets is necessary in many cases. Sometimes the elderly cannot absorb vitamins and minerals, their appetite is decreased and they have an inability to chew certain foods. First, the presence of a dietary deficiency must be determined by a doctor. If they have osteoporosis, vitamin D supplements would be recommended. If they have anemia, iron supplements would be ideal. It is not advisable for an older person to ingest a lot of different supplements without a doctor's recommendation. This can be wasteful, have no positive effect on health, and can even damage health if too much of a certain vitamin or mineral is taken.
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